Electrical Power System

Introduction:

Electrical power system comprises of various electrical components that supplies and helps in transmission of electric power. Electrical power system is a network that provides power to homes and industries. This power system is in form of grid that is divided into the generators to supply the power. Transmission system can be defined as the carrier of power from the generating centers to the load centers and further distribution of this power to nearby homes and industries. Industries, hospitals, commercial buildings and homes are generally installed with smaller power systems.

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Basically these systems work on three-phase AC power except those in aircraft, electric rail systems and automobiles. Electric power is a mathematical product of current and voltage. Current and voltage vary with respect to time or can be kept at constant levels. Transformation in the voltage of AC power is essential of two reasons:

Transformation in the voltage of AC power helps power to be transmitted far distances with less loss at higher voltages.

Installing turbines helps produce higher voltages in an economical way in case of most appliances.


Components of Electrical power systems


Generators, batteries and other power supplies

Power systems can have one or more sources of power, in some cases the source of power for the system are provided externally but for many systems it is internally installed. Certain devices like batteries, fuel cells or photovoltaic cells are a source for Direct current power supply. AC power supply is provided by a rotor which can spin in a magnetic field.

Loads

Power systems are designed with loads that can make use of electrical energy to perform a function, which ranges from household appliances to high scale industrial machinery.

Conductors

Conductors are the simplest component of a power system that carries power from the generators to the load. Conductors can be classified based on the transmission system. Conductors can be placed overhead or underground.Is this topic Average Speed Formula hard for you? Watch out for my coming posts.

Capacitors

Capacitors are the small devices used to provide reactive power that is lost during transmission, therefore capacitors are placed besides inductive loads.

Power electronics devices

Power electronics devices are based on semi-conductor technology to switch between quantities of power from a few hundred watts to several hundred megawatts. The speed of operation is so highl that it would be difficult or impossible with conventional technology.  Power electronics is a process of rectification which means the conversion of AC-to-DC power and vice versa. Highly-powered power converts AC power to DC power for the purpose of transmission in a system known as HVDC.

Protective devices

Power systems are incorporated with protective devices with two purposes:

Minimizes the harm to people and animals that may come in contact with the power system

By isolating the faults and protecting the power system and its various elements from damage.